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                <h1 id="EverydayOneCat"><a href="#EverydayOneCat" class="headerlink" title="EverydayOneCat"></a>EverydayOneCat</h1><p>在Catworld里並没有什麼关于时间的概念。即便如此，猫们还是会选择用自己的方式，在當下的某一刻，体验时间的流逝。</p>
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<h1 id="ES6入门"><a href="#ES6入门" class="headerlink" title="ES6入门"></a>ES6入门</h1><h2 id="1-ECMAScript-6-简介"><a href="#1-ECMAScript-6-简介" class="headerlink" title="1.ECMAScript 6 简介"></a>1.ECMAScript 6 简介</h2><p>ECMAScript 6.0（以下简称 ES6）是 JavaScript 语言的下一代标准，已经在 2015 年 6 月正式发布了。它的目标，是使得 JavaScript 语言可以用来编写复杂的大型应用程序，成为企业级开发语言。</p>
<p>一图解释ES6：</p>
<p><img src="https://pluto-1300780100.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/image-20210114232244612.png" alt="image-20210114232244612"></p>
<h2 id="2-基本语法"><a href="#2-基本语法" class="headerlink" title="2.基本语法"></a>2.基本语法</h2><h3 id="2-1let声明变量"><a href="#2-1let声明变量" class="headerlink" title="2.1let声明变量"></a>2.1let声明变量</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// var 声明的变量没有局部作用域</span>
<span class="token comment">// let 声明的变量  有局部作用域</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">// 0</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>b<span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">// ReferenceError: b is not defined</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// var 可以声明多次</span>
<span class="token comment">// let 只能声明一次</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> m <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> m <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> n <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> n <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">4</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>m<span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">// 2</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>n<span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">// Identifier 'n' has already been declared</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-2const声明常量"><a href="#2-2const声明常量" class="headerlink" title="2.2const声明常量"></a>2.2const声明常量</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 1、声明之后不允许改变    </span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PI</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"3.1415926"</span>
<span class="token constant">PI</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>  <span class="token comment">// TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.</span>

<span class="token comment">// 2、一但声明必须初始化，否则会报错</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_AGE</span>  <span class="token comment">// SyntaxError: Missing initializer in const declaration</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-3解构赋值"><a href="#2-3解构赋值" class="headerlink" title="2.3解构赋值"></a>2.3解构赋值</h3><p>解构赋值是对赋值运算符的扩展。他是一种针对数组或者对象进行模式匹配，然后对其中的变量进行赋值。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">//1、数组解构</span>
<span class="token comment">// 传统</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> b <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> c <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> b<span class="token punctuation">,</span> c<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// ES6</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>x<span class="token punctuation">,</span> y<span class="token punctuation">,</span> z<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>x<span class="token punctuation">,</span> y<span class="token punctuation">,</span> z<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">//2、对象解构</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> user <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'Helen'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> age<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">18</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// 传统</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> name1 <span class="token operator">=</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name
<span class="token keyword">let</span> age1 <span class="token operator">=</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>age
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> age1<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// ES6</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> age <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>  user<span class="token comment">//注意：结构的变量必须是user中的属性</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> age<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-4模板字符串"><a href="#2-4模板字符串" class="headerlink" title="2.4模板字符串"></a>2.4模板字符串</h3><p>模板字符串相当于加强版的字符串，用反引号 `,除了作为普通字符串，还可以用来定义多行字符串，还可以在字符串中加入变量和表达式。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 1、多行字符串</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> string1 <span class="token operator">=</span>  <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Hey,
can you stop angry now?</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>string1<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hey,</span>
<span class="token comment">// can you stop angry now?</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 2、字符串插入变量和表达式。变量名写在 ${} 中，${} 中可以放入 JavaScript 表达式。</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"Mike"</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> age <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">27</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">My Name is </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>name<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">,I am </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>age<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> years old next year.</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// My Name is Mike,I am 28 years old next year.</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 3、字符串中调用函数</span>
<span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">f</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token string">"have fun!"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> string2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Game start,</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token function">f</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>string2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>  <span class="token comment">// Game start,have fun!</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-5声明对象简写"><a href="#2-5声明对象简写" class="headerlink" title="2.5声明对象简写"></a>2.5声明对象简写</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">const</span> age <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">12</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"Amy"</span>

<span class="token comment">// 传统</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> person1 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>age<span class="token operator">:</span> age<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token operator">:</span> name<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>person1<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment">// ES6</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> person2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>age<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>person2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//{age: 12, name: "Amy"}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-6定义方法简写"><a href="#2-6定义方法简写" class="headerlink" title="2.6定义方法简写"></a>2.6定义方法简写</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 传统</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> person1 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function-variable function">sayHi</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token keyword">function</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Hi"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
person1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sayHi</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//"Hi"</span>


<span class="token comment">// ES6</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> person2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">sayHi</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Hi"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
person2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sayHi</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">//"Hi"</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-7对象拓展运算符"><a href="#2-7对象拓展运算符" class="headerlink" title="2.7对象拓展运算符"></a>2.7对象拓展运算符</h3><p>拓展运算符（…）用于取出参数对象所有可遍历属性然后拷贝到当前对象。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 1、拷贝对象</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> person1 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Amy"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> age<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> someone <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token operator">...</span>person1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>someone<span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">//{name: "Amy", age: 15}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 2、合并对象</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> age <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>age<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Amy"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> person2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">...</span>age<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">...</span>name<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>person2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">//{age: 15, name: "Amy"}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-8箭头函数"><a href="#2-8箭头函数" class="headerlink" title="2.8箭头函数"></a>2.8箭头函数</h3><p>箭头函数提供了一种更加简洁的函数书写方式，箭头函数多用于匿名函数的定义。基本语法是：</p>
<p><code>参数 =&gt; 函数体</code></p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 传统</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> <span class="token function-variable function">f1</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">a</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> a
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">f1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>


<span class="token comment">// ES6</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> <span class="token function-variable function">f2</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token parameter">a</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> a
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">f2</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 当箭头函数没有参数或者有多个参数，要用 () 括起来。</span>
<span class="token comment">// 当箭头函数函数体有多行语句，用 {} 包裹起来，表示代码块，</span>
<span class="token comment">// 当只有一行语句，并且需要返回结果时，可以省略 {} , 结果会自动返回。</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> <span class="token function-variable function">f3</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> a<span class="token operator">+</span>b
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> result
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">f3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>  <span class="token comment">// 8</span>

<span class="token comment">// 前面代码相当于：</span>
<span class="token keyword">var</span> <span class="token function-variable function">f4</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> a<span class="token operator">+</span>b<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h1 id="Nodejs"><a href="#Nodejs" class="headerlink" title="Nodejs"></a>Nodejs</h1><h2 id="1-简介"><a href="#1-简介" class="headerlink" title="1.简介"></a>1.简介</h2><p>我们知道Java是通过jdk环境来运行的，以此类推，我们可以把nodejs看成前端的jdk。简单的说 Node.js 就是运行在服务端的 JavaScript。</p>
<p>Node.js是一个事件驱动I/O服务端JavaScript环境，基于Google的V8引擎，V8引擎执行Javascript的速度非常快，性能非常好。</p>
<p>官网：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://nodejs.org/en/">https://nodejs.org/en/</a></p>
<p>中文网：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://nodejs.cn/">http://nodejs.cn/</a></p>
<p>Nodejs的安装在网易云破解和搭建hexo框架博客均有介绍，这里不过多赘述。</p>
<h2 id="2-npm包管理器"><a href="#2-npm包管理器" class="headerlink" title="2.npm包管理器"></a>2.npm包管理器</h2><h3 id="2-1npm简介"><a href="#2-1npm简介" class="headerlink" title="2.1npm简介"></a>2.1npm简介</h3><p>NPM全称Node Package Manager，是Node.js包管理工具，是全球最大的模块生态系统，里面所有的模块都是开源免费的；也是Node.js的包管理工具，相当于前端的Maven 。我们通过npm 可以很方便地下载js库，管理前端工程。</p>
<p>Node.js默认会自带npm</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">#在命令提示符输入 npm -v 可查看当前npm版本
npm -v<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-2项目初始化"><a href="#2-2项目初始化" class="headerlink" title="2.2项目初始化"></a>2.2项目初始化</h3><p>建立一个空文件夹，在命令提示符进入该文件夹  执行命令初始化</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">npm init
#按照提示输入相关信息，如果是用默认值则直接回车即可。
#name: 项目名称
#version: 项目版本号
#description: 项目描述
#keywords: {Array}关键词，便于用户搜索到我们的项目
#最后会生成package.json文件，这个是包的配置文件，相当于maven的pom.xml
#我们之后也可以根据需要进行修改。

#如果想直接生成 package.json 文件，那么可以使用命令
npm init -y<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-3修改npm镜像"><a href="#2-3修改npm镜像" class="headerlink" title="2.3修改npm镜像"></a>2.3<strong>修改npm镜像</strong></h3><p>NPM官方的管理的包都是从 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://npmjs.com下载的，但是这个网站在国内速度很慢。">http://npmjs.com下载的，但是这个网站在国内速度很慢。</a></p>
<p>这里推荐使用淘宝 NPM 镜像 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://npm.taobao.org/">http://npm.taobao.org/</a> ，淘宝 NPM 镜像是一个完整 npmjs.com 镜像，同步频率目前为 10分钟一次，以保证尽量与官方服务同步。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">#经过下面的配置，以后所有的 npm install 都会经过淘宝的镜像地址下载
npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org 

#查看npm配置信息
npm config list<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-4npm-install命令"><a href="#2-4npm-install命令" class="headerlink" title="2.4npm install命令"></a>2.4npm install命令</h3><p>使用 npm install 安装依赖包的最新版</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">#模块安装的位置：项目目录\node_modules
#安装会自动在项目目录下添加 package-lock.json文件，这个文件帮助锁定安装包的版本
#同时package.json 文件中，依赖包会被添加到dependencies节点下，类似maven中的 &lt;dependencies&gt;
npm install jquery<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>局部安装和全局安装：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">#devDependencies节点：开发时的依赖包，项目打包到生产环境的时候不包含的依赖
#使用 -D参数将依赖添加到devDependencies节点
npm install -D eslint


#全局安装
#Node.js全局安装的npm包和工具的位置：用户目录\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules
#一些命令行工具常使用全局安装的方式
npm install -g webpack<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-5其它命令"><a href="#2-5其它命令" class="headerlink" title="2.5其它命令"></a>2.5其它命令</h3><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">#更新包（更新到最新版本）
npm update 包名
#全局更新
npm update -g 包名

#卸载包
npm uninstall 包名
#全局卸载
npm uninstall -g 包名<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p><img src="https://pluto-1300780100.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/04-npm.png" alt="04-npm"></p>
<h2 id="3-Babel"><a href="#3-Babel" class="headerlink" title="3.Babel"></a>3.Babel</h2><p>Babel是一个广泛使用的转码器，可以将ES6代码转为ES5代码，从而在现有环境执行执行。</p>
<p>这意味着，你可以现在就用 ES6 编写程序，而不用担心现有环境是否支持。</p>
<h3 id="3-1安装"><a href="#3-1安装" class="headerlink" title="3.1安装"></a>3.1安装</h3><p>Babel提供babel-cli工具，用于命令行转码。它的安装命令如下：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">npm install --global babel-cli

#查看是否安装成功
babel --version<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="3-2Babel的使用"><a href="#3-2Babel的使用" class="headerlink" title="3.2Babel的使用"></a>3.2Babel的使用</h3><p>（1）在es6文件夹下创建01.js</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">// 转码前</span>
<span class="token comment">// 定义数据</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> input <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token comment">// 将数组的每个元素 +1</span>
input <span class="token operator">=</span> input<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">item</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> item <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>（2）配置.babelrc</p>
<p>Babel的配置文件是.babelrc，存放在项目的根目录下，该文件用来设置转码规则和插件。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">{
    "presets": ["es2015"],
    "plugins": []
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>（3）安装转码器</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">npm install --save-dev babel-preset-es2015<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>（4）转码</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"># 转码结果写入一个文件
babel es6/01.js -o es5/01.js

# 整个目录转码
babel es6 -d es5<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p><img src="https://pluto-1300780100.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/05-babel.png" alt="05-babel"></p>
<h2 id="4-前端模块化"><a href="#4-前端模块化" class="headerlink" title="4.前端模块化"></a>4.前端模块化</h2><h3 id="4-1背景"><a href="#4-1背景" class="headerlink" title="4.1背景"></a>4.1背景</h3><p>随着网站逐渐变成”互联网应用程序”，嵌入网页的Javascript代码越来越庞大，越来越复杂。</p>
<p>Javascript模块化编程，已经成为一个迫切的需求。理想情况下，开发者只需要实现核心的业务逻辑，其他都可以加载别人已经写好的模块。</p>
<p>但是，Javascript不是一种模块化编程语言，它不支持”类”（class），包（package）等概念，更遑论”模块”（module）了。</p>
<p>传统非模块化开发有如下的缺点：</p>
<ul>
<li>命名冲突</li>
<li>文件依赖</li>
</ul>
<p>模块化规范：</p>
<ul>
<li>CommonJS模块化规范</li>
<li>ES6模块化规范</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://pluto-1300780100.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/image-20210114235305358.png" alt="image-20210114235305358"></p>
<h3 id="4-2ES5模块规范"><a href="#4-2ES5模块规范" class="headerlink" title="4.2ES5模块规范"></a>4.2ES5模块规范</h3><p>每个文件就是一个模块，有自己的作用域。在一个文件里面定义的变量、函数、类，都是私有的，对其他文件不可见。</p>
<p>01.js定义方法</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">//创建js方法</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">sum</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>b<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">sub</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">a<span class="token punctuation">,</span>b</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>b<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">//声明哪些方法可以被其他js调用</span>
module<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exports <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    sum<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    sub
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>02.js调用</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">//引入模块，注意：当前路径必须写 ./</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> m <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./01.js'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>m<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p><strong>CommonJS使用 exports 和require 来导出、导入模块。</strong></p>
<h3 id="4-3ES6模块化规范"><a href="#4-3ES6模块化规范" class="headerlink" title="4.3ES6模块化规范"></a>4.3ES6模块化规范</h3><p><strong>ES6使用 export 和 import 来导出、导入模块。</strong></p>
<p>01.js定义方法</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">getList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'获取数据列表'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">save</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'保存数据'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>02.js导入模块</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token comment">//只取需要的方法即可，多个方法用逗号分隔</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getList<span class="token punctuation">,</span> save <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"./userApi.js"</span>
<span class="token function">getList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token function">save</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p><strong>注意：这时的程序无法运行的，因为ES6的模块化无法在Node.js中执行，需要用Babel编辑成ES5后再执行。</strong></p>
<h3 id="4-4ES6模块化的另一种写法"><a href="#4-4ES6模块化的另一种写法" class="headerlink" title="4.4ES6模块化的另一种写法"></a>4.4ES6模块化的另一种写法</h3><p>创建 es6模块化/userApi2.js</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">getList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'获取数据列表2'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>

    <span class="token function">save</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'保存数据2'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>创建 es6模块化/userComponent2.js</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">import</span> user <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"./userApi2.js"</span>
user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getList</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
user<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">save</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h2 id="5-Webpack"><a href="#5-Webpack" class="headerlink" title="5.Webpack"></a>5.Webpack</h2><h3 id="5-1什么是Webpack"><a href="#5-1什么是Webpack" class="headerlink" title="5.1什么是Webpack"></a>5.1什么是Webpack</h3><p>Webpack 是一个前端资源加载/打包工具。它将根据模块的依赖关系进行静态分析，然后将这些模块按照指定的规则生成对应的静态资源。</p>
<p><img src="https://pluto-1300780100.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/image-20210114235450459.png" alt="image-20210114235450459"></p>
<p>从图中我们可以看出，Webpack 可以将多种静态资源 js、css、less 转换成一个静态文件，减少了页面的请求。 </p>
<h3 id="5-2Webpack安装"><a href="#5-2Webpack安装" class="headerlink" title="5.2Webpack安装"></a>5.2Webpack安装</h3><p>全局安装</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">npm install -g webpack webpack-cli<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>安装后查看版本号</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">webpack -v<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="5-3webpack使用"><a href="#5-3webpack使用" class="headerlink" title="5.3webpack使用"></a>5.3webpack使用</h3><p>创建三个模块化js文件</p>
<p>common.js:</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript">exports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">info</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    document<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">write</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>utils.js:</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript">exports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">add</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">a<span class="token punctuation">,</span> b</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> a <span class="token operator">+</span> b<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>main.js:</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">const</span> common <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./common'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> utils <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./utils'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

common<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Hello world!'</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> utils<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="5-4JS打包"><a href="#5-4JS打包" class="headerlink" title="5.4JS打包"></a>5.4JS打包</h3><p>1、webpack目录下创建配置文件webpack.config.js</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">const</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"path"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//Node.js内置模块</span>
module<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exports <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    entry<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'./src/main.js'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">//配置入口文件</span>
    output<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        path<span class="token operator">:</span> path<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">resolve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>__dirname<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'./dist'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">//输出路径，__dirname：当前文件所在路径</span>
        filename<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'bundle.js'</span> <span class="token comment">//输出文件</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>以上配置的意思是：读取当前项目目录下src文件夹中的main.js（入口文件）内容，分析资源依赖，把相关的js文件打包，打包后的文件放入当前目录的dist文件夹下，打包后的js文件名为bundle.js</p>
<p>2、命令行执行编译命令</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">webpack #有黄色警告
webpack --mode=development #没有警告
#执行后查看bundle.js 里面包含了上面两个js文件的内容并惊醒了代码压缩<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="5-5CSS打包"><a href="#5-5CSS打包" class="headerlink" title="5.5CSS打包"></a>5.5CSS打包</h3><p>1、安装style-loader和 css-loader</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">npm install --save-dev style-loader css-loader <span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>2、修改webpack.config.js</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-javascript" data-language="javascript"><code class="language-javascript"><span class="token keyword">const</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"path"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//Node.js内置模块</span>
module<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exports <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">//...,</span>
    output<span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    module<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        rules<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>  
            <span class="token punctuation">{</span>  
                test<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token regex">/\.css$/</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>    <span class="token comment">//打包规则应用到以css结尾的文件上</span>
                use<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'style-loader'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'css-loader'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
            <span class="token punctuation">}</span>  
        <span class="token punctuation">]</span>  
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h1 id="结语"><a href="#结语" class="headerlink" title="结语"></a>结语</h1><p>Akko3098的98排列真好看😊</p>
<p><img src="https://pluto-1300780100.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/img/1610640111926.jpg" alt="1610640111926"></p>

                
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